| PROTO INDO-EUROPEAN |
GERMANIC | East Germanic | Gothic |
| West Germanic | Old High German | Middle High German | High German |
| Yiddish | |||
| Old Low German | Middle Low German | Low German | |
| Old Dutch | Middle Dutch | Dutch | |
| Flemish | |||
| Afrikaans | |||
| Old Frisian | Frisian | ||
| Old English | Middle English | English | |
| North Germanic | Old Danish | Middle Danish | Danish |
| Old Swedish | Middle Swedish | Swedish | |
| Old Norse | Middle Norwegian | Norwegian | |
| Faeroese | |||
| Old Icelandic | Icelandic | ||